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小 发表于 2008-1-21 01:36 PM 只看该作者
反垃圾邮件法实施 违法将遭重罚
反垃圾邮件法实施 违法将遭重罚
It has been three months now since the new anti-spam law came into effect.? However, some Asian business people or companies still sent email or SMS texts to their existing or potential customers to market goods or services, without obtaining their consent in the first place.? When told such an action might have amounted to a breach of the law, one of them questioned: what’s wrong for me to send uninvited emails to my customers for advertising?
新的“反垃圾电子邮件法”已出炉三个多月，亚裔商家或个人对此却知之甚少。不少人仍然未按法律规定事先征得收件人同意，而通过电子邮件方式派发广告或促销资讯。告诉他们这样做会违法，却被抢白一句：主动给顾客发广告有什么错？
The Unsolicited Electronic Messages Act 2007 (“The Act”)
不速电子讯息法2007（“反垃圾邮件法”）
[1] The Act came into effect on 5 September 2007.? The Act prohibits “any person” (individual, company or organisation) from sending commercial electronic messages to anyone without obtaining the recipient’s consent first. The Act also prohibits the use of address harvesting software in connection with the sending of “unsolicited commercial electronic messages”.
[1]“反垃圾邮件法”于2007年9月5日生效。该法禁止“任何人”（包括个人、公司或团体）在未经收件人同意以前，向他们派发商业用途的电子讯息。该法并且禁止任何人，为发送“不速商业用途电子讯息”而使用“特别软件自动收集地址。”
[2] Under the Act, a plaintiff may file complaints with the new “Anti-spam Enforcement Unit” of the Department of Internal Affairs, or issue proceedings in the High Court against the perpetrator.? Breach of the Act can lead to a fine of up to $200000 for individuals and $500000 for companies to be awarded against the perpetrator.
[2]根据该法，受害人可以向内政部“反垃圾邮件执行小组”投诉或在高等法院提出诉讼。因违法而被定罪者，个人可罚款达$200000元，公司则$500000。
What are “commercial electronic messages”?
何为“商业用途电子讯息”
[3] There must be an “electronic message” which means any messages that are sent using a telecommunication service to an electronic address. These include emails, SMS texts, instant messaging, multimedia messages and other mobile phone messaging.? However, standard telephone service voice calls, voice over internet protocols and facsimiles are excluded.
[3]首先得有“电子讯息”即任何以通讯方式发往一个电子地址的讯息。这样的讯息包括电子邮件、手机短信、即时或多媒体留言，以及其它移动电话留言。但是，标准的〔有线〕电话语音通话、互联网语音和传真不在此列。
[4] The message must be “commercial” in that it “markets or promotes goods, services, land or a business or investment opportunities.”
[4]其次，必需是“商业用途”即营销或推展产品、服务、土地以及生意或投资机会。
[5] “Unsolicited” means the recipient has not consented to receiving the message prior to it being sent.
[5] ““不速”意谓“不速之客”，也就是说收件人在收件前未曾同意接受。
[6] It is noteworthy that even if your message does not contain marketing content, it may still be regarded as a commercial electronic message if it provides a link or otherwise directs the recipient to promotional or marketing messages.
[6]值得注意的是，即使所发讯息本身不含营销内容，但却提供有关营销服务的链接，也可视作商业同途电子讯息。
When is it lawful to send commercial electronic messages?
怎样派送商业用途电子讯息才合法呢？
[7] Generally, there are three steps to be followed:? Firstly, the commercial electronic message is consented to by the recipient before the message is sent.? Secondly, the message should clearly and accurately identify the sender and provide the sender’s contact details.? Thirdly, the message contains a functional unsubscribe “opt out” facility.
[7]通常有三个步骤。第一，讯息发送前征得收件人同意。第二，清楚、准确地标明发件人以及发件人联络细则。第三，邮件包含一个“自动退出”功能，收件人想从收件名单中退出便可立即退出。
Consent
收件人同意
[8] There are three basic types of consent: express, inferred and deemed.? Express consent requires an actual communication by the recipient by written, electronic or verbal means to positively indicate that the recipient wishes to receive the messages. ?Where there is no express consent, consent can be inferred from relevant conduct, or from the business or other relationship the sender has with the recipient.? Consent is deemed to have been given if the electronic address of the recipient is published without a “no spam” type of statement and the sender’s message is relevant to the recipient’s business.? Under the Act, the onus is on the sender to prove that it had such prior consent.
[8]“同意”有三种方式：明示、推测和断定。明示性同意，顾名思义，需要收件人实际确认，确认方式可以是书面，也可以电子或口头方式。如果没有明示同意，收件人同意之意思表示可以通过其相关行为或发件、收件人之间的关系中推测出来。第三，如果收件人的电子地址公开发表却没有“谢绝垃圾”字样的说明并且人的讯息与收件人有关，收件人的同意则可依此断定。究竟收件人是否给出这样的同意，证明责任在发件人。
Sender information
发件人资讯
[9] The message needs to clearly and accurately identify the person who has authorised the sending of the message, and include the accurate information about how the recipient can readily contact that person.? The contact details provided in your message must be valid for at least 30 days after the message is sent.
[9]发件人须清楚、准确地标明授权发件人及其联络细则，以方便收件人联系发件人。发件人细则在邮件发出后，至少要保持30天有效。
“Opt out” option
退出性选择
[10] Your must have a clear functional unsubscribe facility built into the message you send.? This facility must allow the recipient to unsubscribe by sending a message back to the sender, using the same method used by the sender without incurring any costs.? Note also the requirement of the 30-day period for all unsubscribe facilities.
[10]在发出的邮件中必须预设一个有效的“退出”功能。该功能可以让收件人以发件人同样的方法，在不产生任何费用的情况下，用回件方式退出收件人名单。 30天有效要求同样适用。
Conclusion
结论
[11] The anti-spam law will have far reaching implications for anyone who sends commercial and promotional type messages by electronic means.? You will now need to have the consent of the recipient before sending any such messages.? You will also need to accurately set out the sender information and have a functional unsubscribe facility built into the message you send. ?
[11]对任何以电子传送方式派发促销资讯的人来说，“反垃圾电子邮件法”意味深远。要想合法传送，首先要事先征得收件人同意；其次，提供发件人联络细则；再次，邮件中必须设立让收件人“退出”功能。
[12] The onus of proof requirement means that your organisation should establish a system whereby evidence of each recipient’s consent for each commercial electronic message sent can be produced. If you have an electronic message template, ensure you include authorisation, contact details and unsubscribe facility on that template. If your email addresses are published on the business website, consider including a “no spam” statement that you do not wish to receive any uninvited marketing messages.
[12]因为证明收件人同意发件的责任在发件人，因此发件人必须建立一套系统确保收集、提供这类证据。如果有电子邮件发送蓝本，需要依此法要求更新，即收件人授权、发件人细则及退出收件名单功能。如果你自己的电子邮件地址在网站上公开，而又不想收到那些不速之客，要考虑放上“谢绝垃圾邮件”这样的说明。
[13] There are different levels of remedies and penalties, including a maximum fine of up to $200000 for individuals and $500000 for companies.
[13]违法判罚个人最高可达$200000元，公司$500000。
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